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Mert Özen's blog posts on software development, backend, frontend, and DevOps.

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.NET Core Web API 36 Angular 31 JavaScript Basics 19 JavaScript Intermediate 18 JavaScript Advanced 16 TypeScript Basics 14 TypeScript Intermediate 14 TypeScript Advanced 12 Entity Framework Core 28 Dapper 12 Git & GitHub 0 Web Security (OWASP Top 10) 0 LLM Fundamentals 0 C# Fundamentals 0 Object-Oriented Programming in C# 10 C# Collections and Generics 11 LINQ 17 Asynchronous Programming in C# 17 Advanced C# 14 C# Versions 6 Solution Patterns 22 SOLID and Design Principles 3 Clean Code 0 Design Patterns 0

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Software Design PART 02

The Shadow Record: A Virtual Root That Doesn't Exist in the Database — "Company = 0" Above Departments

A "Company = 0" root that doesn't exist in the database works safely if 0 is turned into a DepartmentScope type (null inside) right at the API boundary; carry 0 as a plain int and you get empty lists on reads and FK violations on writes. The post compares the virtual root, a real root row, a Company entity and an explicit scope contract with their trade-offs.

7 Nov 2026 15 min 8